This isn't strictly speaking an adaptation at all, but the main character from the Chinese series that I'm talking about is clearly based on Sherlock Holmes - & since I don't see a Chinese Sherlock Holmes series-proper coming out any time soon, this is the closest that we will get to the real deal. Detective Di uses reasoning and deduction to solve crimes and is an excellent medic himself (however, he's not a recluse or oddball).
He uses the word "logic" a lot, which sounds funny because in the context of the series (Tang Dynasty China, or AD late 600s to early 700s), the word "logic" had not yet entered into the Chinese vocabulary. Not that we are incapable of thinking logically, it's just that I don't think we had a word for it. Even in modern Chinese, "logic" is translated phonetically from English (pronounced luo ji).
So yeah, if there ever was a Chinese version of Holmes, Detective Di would be it. The series is mostly about conspiracy type plots because at the time, many members of the aristocracy were considering offing Empress Wu - so she got there first and offed a lot of the ones who were hostile to her or considered being hostile to her.